Explore Vaarana Rajamaha Viharaya in Thihariya: A Hidden Gem of Sri Lanka’s Buddhist Heritage

Discover the ancient Vaarana Rajamaha Viharaya, a revered Buddhist temple located in Thihariya, Gampaha District, Sri Lanka. Situated approximately 5 km from the Colombo-Kandy highway, this historic temple is recognized as an archaeological protected site by the Archaeological Department of Sri Lanka.

History: Vaarana Rajamaha Viharaya is believed to have been established during the reign of King Devanampiyatissa (307–267 BC). The temple’s chronicles record significant renovations by several notable kings, including King Valagamba (103 BCE and c. 89–77 BCE), Nissanka Malla (1187–1196), Kirti Sri Rajasinha (1747–1782), and Parakramabahu VI. A Brahmin inscription discovered at the site, as documented in Dr. Senarath Paranavithana's Inscriptions of Ceylon, highlights its historical significance.

The nearby cave temples of Uruwala, Maligatenna, Pilikuththuwa, Miriswatta, and Koskandawala are believed to have once formed part of a major temple complex from the early Anuradhapura period.

The Temple: The Vaarana Rajamaha Viharaya complex is structured across three levels: Pahala Maluwa (lower level), Meda Maluwa (middle level), and Ihala Maluwa (upper level). The first level houses the Sangawasaya (monks' quarters) and the Dharma Hall. The middle level features a drip-led cave temple with an ancient stupa estimated to be around 800 years old. The cave is adorned with numerous Buddha statues and vibrant paintings, with its canopy decorated in intricate lotus and floral designs. The top level includes another stupa and additional cave temples, offering a profound glimpse into the temple’s historical and spiritual significance